Types of Engineering
The Engineering Subject is so diverse that, there are more than 40 available engineering subjects in the contemporary world. Some popular engineering subjects are: Electrical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Computer Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Architectural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Chemical Engineering etc.
Electrical Engineering
Electrical engineering mainly examines and discus about the equipment, devices and systems related to electrical tools of electricity and their design & applications. In the latter half of the 19th century, this discipline of engineering appeared as a recognizable profession after the commercialization of telephone, electric telegraph as well as the electrical power generation, transmission, distribution and its use.
Now, the electrical engineering is segregated into a wide range of subcategories including power, telecommunications, signal processing, electronics, radio-frequency engineering, instrumentation and computer engineering. Other engineering branches like hardware engineering, electromagnetics, waves, power electronics, microwave engineering, electrochemistry, renewable energies, nanotechnology, mechatronics, and electrical materials science also have a correlation with electrical engineering.
Civil Engineering
Civil engineering is mainly involved with the sketch, construction, and preservation of the naturally built environment and physically built public/private works like roads, highway, railways, bridges, culvert, canals, sewerage systems, dams, pipelines, airports, constructional components of buildings and other related works.
After military engineering, civil engineering is the second oldest engineering section among all disciplines of engineering. It takes place in almost all level like personal property, organizations, nation, multinational and international stage.
Computer Engineering
The Computer engineering also known as computer science engineering (CSE) is a discipline of engineering that works with computer science, electronics, software and logic design. This branch mainly deals with computer hardware and software. It also examines and works with microprocessors, microcontrollers, supercomputers, laptops, personal computers and circuit design. This section of engineering focuses on both the working of computer systems and the integration of that on the larger scale.
The Computer science engineers generally write firmware & software for embedded microcontrollers, design analog sensors, designing VLSI chips, designing operating systems and design mixed signal circuit boards. This type of engineers also deals with robotics. Robotics highly rely on digital systems that monitor and control electrical systems like motors, sensors and communications.
Mechanical Engineering
Mechanical engineering works with the combination of physics and mathematics. It generally analyzes, designs, make and maintain mechanical machines. This discipline of engineering is really broad and it is one of the earliest sectors of engineering.
The mechanical engineering discusses and works with dynamics, thermodynamics, mechanics, materials science, structural analysis, gears and electromechanical apparatus.
Architectural Engineering
Architectural engineering mainly building and structure engineering, is an engineering sector that works with multi-engineering approach to plan, sketch, built a structure or building. The Architectural Engineering deals with energy conservation, plumbing, HVAC, lighting, acoustics, fire protection, vertical and horizontal transportation, behavior and properties of building components and materials, structural systems, construction management etc. It is a relatively new profession as it become popular after the 20th century, consequence of the rapid technological developments and industrial development.
Environmental Engineering
Environmental engineering is an engineering discipline that deals with the environmental health. It studies chemistry, ecology, biology, geology, hydrology, hydraulics, microbiology, and mathematics to find a proper solutions to the environmental problems and generate ideas that will protect as well as improve the health of living organisms and the quality of the environmental atmosphere. This discipline of engineering is considered as a sub-discipline of, chemical engineering, mechanical engineering and civil engineering. It applies the scientific and engineering principles to better and maintain the good environment mainly to protect human health, natural ecosystems and improve the broader health of environment.
Biomedical Engineering
Biomedical Engineering is one of the modern demandable engineering discipline thar also known as BME, BioMed or Bioengineering. It is a combination of multi-sector engineering that combines engineering and biology to apply scientific, engineering principles and mathematics to develop medicine and healthcare system.
Due to the increasing demand of utilization of machinery and technology in all aspects of healthcare system, Biomedical Engineering is on the rise. It combines biological and technical knowledge to provide solutions to medical needs and contributes to the development of life-saving concepts such as surgical robots, artificial organs, advanced prosthetics, kidney dialysis, new pharmaceutical drugs, artificial organs development etc.
Biomedical Engineering is a dynamic and huge discipline with numerous areas to focus. For instance, the subdivisions of Biomedical Engineering include: Biomaterials, Biomedical Electronics, Computational Biology, Tissue, Cellular and Genetic Engineering, Orthopedic Bioengineering, Medical Imaging, Bio-nanotechnology, Chemical Engineering etc.
Chemical Engineering
Chemical engineering is a discipline of engineering that uses concepts of physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics, and economics to effectively produce, use, design, transform and transport chemical materials and energy. The works of chemical engineers are mainly utilization of nano-materials & nano-technology, especially in the sophisticated laboratory for industrial processing on a large scale that convert raw materials, chemicals, living cells, energy and microorganisms into useful products and other forms.
Chemical engineers are involved in plant design and operation works like hazard and safety assessments, modeling, process design, analysis faults, control engineering, nuclear engineering, chemical reaction engineering, biological engineering, operating instructions, construction specification etc.